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''Der arbeyter'' (דער ארבײטער, 'The Worker') was a Yiddish-language newspaper, issued by the Polish Socialist Party (PPS). The newspaper was launched in 1898,〔Jacobs, Jack Lester. ''Jewish Politics in Eastern Europe: The Bund at 100''. Basingstoke: Palgrave, 2001. p. 32〕 named after a Galician Jewish social democratic publication by the same name.〔Frankel, Jonathan. ''(Prophecy and Politics: Socialism, Nationalism, and the Russian Jews, 1862-1917 )''. Cambridge (): Cambridge University Press, 1984. p. 217〕 ''Der arbeyter'' was initially published from London.〔Zimmerman, Joshua D. ''(Poles, Jews, and the Politics of Nationality: The Bund and the Polish Socialist Party in Late Tsarist Russia, 1892-1914 )''. Madison, Wisc: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004. pp. 132-133, 135〕 ==London period== Initially ''Der arbeyter'' had a circulation of 1,500 copies, intended for distribution inside Congress Poland. Maks Horwitz, the sole Yiddish-speaking intellectual in PPS at the time, was the founding editor of the publication.〔 ''Der arbeyter'' argued that a Polish democratic republic had to be established in order to achieve Jewish emancipation and socialism.〔 It opposed Russification of the Jewish population in Poland. Furthermore, it consistently used the term 'Jew' as a religious, not national, denomination. Catholic Poles were labelled as 'Christians' in its articles, and the publication stressed that Jewish and Christians alike were equally part of the Polish nation and the Polish proletariat. This approach contrasted the line of the General Jewish Labour Bund, who argued that Jews constituted a separate national group in the Russian empire.〔Zimmerman, Joshua D. ''(Poles, Jews, and the Politics of Nationality: The Bund and the Polish Socialist Party in Late Tsarist Russia, 1892-1914 )''. Madison, Wisc: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004. pp. 143, 153〕 ''Der arbeyter'' was mainly directed towards mobilizing support for PPS amongst Jewish workers in Poland. The PPS lagged behind its competitor, the General Jewish Labour Bund, in terms of Yiddish-language publishing. Thus, PPS felt it could not compete with the Bundist press amongst the Jewish intelligentsia, it concentrated its propaganda work toward Jewish labourers.〔 ''Der arbeyter'' dealt with questions of everyday working class life, rather than theoretical articles.〔Zimmerman, Joshua D. ''(Poles, Jews, and the Politics of Nationality: The Bund and the Polish Socialist Party in Late Tsarist Russia, 1892-1914 )''. Madison, Wisc: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004. p. 139〕 Horwitz, who had edited the first edition of ''Der arbeyter'', was arrested in Warsaw in 1899. Thus the PPS no longer had any person who could manage a Yiddish publication. After Horwitz's arrest, the PPS cadre Leon Wasilewski learned Yiddish so that the publication could be continued and a second edition could be published.〔 With the arrival of Feliks Sachs, who spoke fluent Yiddish, to the PPS centre in London, two more editions were published in 1901 (April and August).〔Zimmerman, Joshua D. ''(Poles, Jews, and the Politics of Nationality: The Bund and the Polish Socialist Party in Late Tsarist Russia, 1892-1914 )''. Madison, Wisc: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004. p. 142〕 Sachs eventually became the editor of ''Der arbeyter'' and the head of the Jewish section of PPS.〔Zimmerman, Joshua D. ''(Poles, Jews, and the Politics of Nationality: The Bund and the Polish Socialist Party in Late Tsarist Russia, 1892-1914 )''. Madison, Wisc: University of Wisconsin Press, 2004. p. 165〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Der arbeyter」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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